Amakuru

Gufunga imirongo nimwe mumuryango wingenzi nibikoresho byamadirishya. Zikoreshwa cyane mumashanyarazi, ibirahuri nibindi bice. Bafite uruhare rwo gufunga, kutirinda amazi, kubika amajwi, kwinjizwa no guhungabana. Barasabwa kugira imbaraga zingutu, elastique, kurwanya ubushyuhe no kurwanya gusaza.

Ikimenyetso cyo gufunga hamwe na profili byahujwe kugirango bigere kubikorwa bisabwa byo gufunga, bigira ingaruka kubintu byingenzi, uburyo bwo kwishyiriraho, ibikorwa byo guhagarika ibikorwa, imbaraga zo guhonyora hamwe nuburyo bwambukiranya imirongo.
Ikimenyetso cyo gufunga kirashobora kugabanywamo imirongo imwe yibikoresho hamwe nibice bifatika ukurikije ibikoresho.

Imirongo imwe yibikoresho irimo ahanini kashe ya EPDM, kashe ya silicone (MVQ), kashe ya kashe ya termoplastique (TPV), hamwe na polivinyl chloride ya plastike (PVC). Ibice bigize ibikoresho birimo cyane cyane imirongo yinsinga, imirongo ya spray yo hejuru, imirongo yoroshye kandi ikomeye, imirongo ya sponge, imirongo yaguka amazi, imirongo yagutse.

Ibisabwa byubwoko butandukanye bwibisanzwe bifunga kashe byerekanwe kumeza hepfo.

Ikirangantego cya EPDM gifite imiterere yibanze yumubiri (imbaraga zingana, kurambura kuruhuka, no guhagarika ihindagurika rihoraho), guhangana nikirere cyiza, guhangana nubushyuhe bwo hejuru no hasi, kurwanya ruswa, hamwe nibikorwa byiza byuzuye. Kugeza ubu zikoreshwa cyane murwego rwimiryango na Windows.
Icyifuzo cyubushyuhe bwakoreshwa muburyo busanzwe bwo gufunga: Ibikoresho bya EPDM ni -60 ℃～ 150 ℃, ibikoresho bya MVQ ni -60 ℃～ 300 ℃, ibikoresho bya TPV ni -40 ℃～ 150 and, nibikoresho bya PVC ni -25 ℃～ 70 ℃.
Gufunga kashe birashobora kugabanwa muburyo bwo gukanda, ubwoko bwinjira, nubwoko bufatika ukurikije uburyo bwo kwishyiriraho. Birashobora kugabanywamo ibice byo gufunga kashe, imirongo yikirahure yikirahure, hamwe nuduce twa kashe hagati ukurikije aho ushyira inzugi nidirishya.
Ikadiri-sash node yikiraro cyacitse aluminium alloy umuryango nidirishya byerekanwe mumashusho hepfo.

Imiterere yambukiranya ibice bya kashe-sash yo gufunga umurongo igomba gutoranywa nkigice gifunze cyangwa gifunzwe ukurikije ibikenewe. Mugihe igishushanyo gikenewe gifite urwego runini rwakazi cyangwa urwego rwo hejuru rwo gufunga ibisabwa, hagomba gutoranywa igice kimwe gifunze.

Uburyo bwo kwishyiriraho kashe ya kashe hagati yikadiri nigitambara bigomba kuba byashyizweho. Ingano yubushakashatsi bwigice cyo kwishyiriraho igomba kwemeza ko itagwa kandi ihuye neza na profili ya groove.
Ikimenyetso cyo gufunga hagati yikadiri nigitambara nacyo cyitwa icyapa nyamukuru cyo gufunga cyangwa umurongo wa kashe ya isobaric. Ifite uruhare rwo guhagarika ikirere hamwe nimirasire yubushyuhe mumwirondoro. Igomba kuba yujuje ibyangombwa byo gufunga no gufungura no gufunga imbaraga zimiryango nidirishya.
Ingano yubunini busabwa kugirango ikashe ifatanye hagati yikirahure nikirahure iteganijwe muri JGJ 113-2015 “Kode ya tekinike yo gukoresha ibirahuri byubatswe”, reba imbonerahamwe ikurikira.

Muri byo, ibipimo bya a, b, na c byerekanwe ku gishushanyo gikurikira.

Imiterere isanzwe yambukiranya ibice bifunga kashe hagati yikadiri nikirahure byerekanwe mubishushanyo bikurikira, kandi uburyo bwo kwishyiriraho imashini bukoreshwa akenshi.

Iyo tuvuze kashe ya kashe hagati yikirahure nikirahure, hari ikindi kibazo gikwiye kuganirwaho, ni ukuvuga, nibyiza gukoresha imirongo ifunga kashe cyangwa kashe hagati yikirahure nikirahure?
Kugeza ubu, amasosiyete menshi ya sisitemu yimiryango nidirishya mugihugu ndetse no mumahanga bakoresha imirongo nkicyifuzo cya mbere cyo gufunga ibirahuri. Ni ukubera ko reberi ya reberi nigicuruzwa cyinganda, ubwiza bwubwubatsi burashobora kugenzurwa, kandi byoroshye kubisimbuza.
Kubijyanye nigikorwa cyo gukoresha kashe, nubwo JGJ 113-2015 "Kode ya tekiniki yo gukoresha ibirahuri byubaka" itanga amabwiriza yo gukuraho imbere ninyuma, bihwanye no kwemeza ubu buryo, biracyasabwa kubikora kurubuga kubwimpamvu zikurikira:
Ubwiza bwo gushiraho kashe kurubuga ntibushobora kugenzurwa, cyane cyane ubujyakuzimu bwo gushiraho kashe.
T / CECS 581-2019 “Kode ya tekiniki yo gukoresha inyubako ihuriweho hamwe” itanga uburyo bwibanze nuburyo bwo gufunga kashe, reba imbonerahamwe ikurikira.

Birashobora kugaragara ko hagomba gufatwa ingamba zijyanye no kugenzura ubwiza bwubwubatsi bwo gufunga ibibuno hamwe nu masangano.
Kurugero, ikidodo cyo hanze cyo gufunga ikirahuri gikunze guhishwa ikirahuri cyumwenda wikibiriti nigitereko gifunga kashe, kandi ubwubatsi bugenzurwa ninkoni ya kopi. Ikirahuri hamwe n'ikadiri bifatanye bifatanyijemo impande ebyiri kugirango bigenzure ubugari n'ubugari bw'imiterere yimiterere, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo gikurikira.

Umwirondoro wibice byo kwishyiriraho amadirishya ya aluminiyumu hamwe nikirahure cya idirishya rya plastike byose ni imyirondoro yoroheje - gushushanya ibirahuri, amaboko yo hanze yerekana hanze, nibindi, kandi ntabwo afite uburyo bwo kugenzura ubugari nubunini bwa kashe.
Byongeye kandi, gushira kashe yo hanze nyuma yo gushiraho ikirahure ni bibi cyane. Ibyinshi mu byumba byinjiriro nidirishya byujujwe murugo, mugihe kashe yo hanze igomba gukoreshwa hanze. Ni akaga mugihe ntahantu ho gukorera hanze nko gukubita, kumanika ibiseke, hamwe namakamyo ya boom, cyane cyane iyo ibirahuri binini.
Ikindi kibazo gikunze kugaragara nuko imiryango myinshi yuburayi nidirishya rya sisitemu idafite ama kadamu yo hanze hamwe nuduce twa kashe, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo gikurikira

Igishushanyo ntabwo ari ugukata inguni ahubwo ni ugutekereza kumazi.
Imiryango n'amadirishya bizaba bifite imiyoboro y'amazi kumurongo utambitse cyangwa ibintu bitambitse hagati ya stile munsi ya buri gice (harimo ibice byagenwe hamwe n'ibice bifunguye) kugirango amazi yinjira mumiryango n'amadirishya ashobora gutwarwa hanze.

Niba hashyizweho ikadiri yo hanze hamwe na feri yo gufunga abafana, bizakora umwanya ufunze hamwe numurongo wo gufunga hagati, ibyo bikaba bidahwitse kumazi ya isobaric.
Tuvuze imiyoboro y'amazi ya isobaric, urashobora gukora igeragezwa rito: kuzuza amazi icupa ryamazi yamazi, ugasunika umwobo muto mumacupa, hanyuma ugahindura icupa hejuru, biragoye ko amazi ava muri ibyo byobo bito, hanyuma tugakora kandi ibyobo bito munsi y icupa, kandi amazi arashobora gutemba byoroshye mumyobo mito mumacupa.
Iri ni naryo hame ryibanze rya isobaric drainage yinzugi nidirishya.
Sawa, reka dukore incamake
Gufunga kashe nimwe mubintu byingenzi byumuryango hamwe nidirishya ryibikoresho, bikoreshwa cyane mubifana bikadiri, ibirahuri by'ibirahure nibindi bice, bigira uruhare mugushiraho ikimenyetso, kutirinda amazi, kubika amajwi, guhungabana, kubika ubushyuhe, nibindi, kandi birasabwa kugira imbaraga zingutu, ubukana, kurwanya ubushyuhe no kurwanya gusaza.
Ikimenyetso cyo gufunga kirashobora kugabanywamo imirongo imwe yibikoresho hamwe nibice bifatika ukurikije ibikoresho. Kugeza ubu, imirongo ikunze gufungwa mu murima wimiryango nidirishya harimo imirongo ya kashe ya EPDM, kashe ya silicone reberi (MVQ), kashe ya kashe ya termoplastique (TPV), plastike ya polyvinyl chloride (PVC), nibindi.
Gufunga kashe birashobora kugabanwa muburyo bwo gukanda, ubwoko bwinjira, nubwoko bufatika ukurikije uburyo bwo kwishyiriraho. Ukurikije aho ushyira inzugi nidirishya, birashobora kugabanywamo ibice bifunga kashe ya kashe, ikadiri yikirahure yikirahure, hamwe nu kashe yo hagati.
Nibyiza gukoresha ibipapuro bifunga kashe cyangwa kashe hagati yamakaramu nikirahure? Kubijyanye nubwubatsi bwubuziranenge bugenzurwa n’umutekano w’ubwubatsi, umwanditsi arasaba gukoresha imirongo ifunga kashe aho kuyifunga.