Amakuru

Ikigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe ingufu, gifite icyicaro i Paris mu Bufaransa, cyasohoye raporo y’isoko ngarukamwaka “Renewable Energy 2023 ″ muri buri mwaka, cyerekana incamake y’inganda zikoresha amashanyarazi ku isi mu 2023 kandi ziteganya iterambere ry’imyaka itanu iri imbere. Reka tujyemo uyu munsi!

Amanota

Nk’uko iyi raporo ibigaragaza, ku isi hose hashyizweho ingufu nshya z’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu mu 2023 ziziyongeraho 50% ugereranije n’umwaka ushize, aho ubushobozi bushya bwashyizweho bugera kuri 510 GW, muri yo amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba azaba afite bitatu bya kane. Urebye uko ibihugu n'uturere bitandukanye byifashe, Ubushinwa bwongera ingufu z’amashanyarazi bwongerewe ingufu bizayobora isi mu 2023.Ubushinwa bushya bw’ingufu z’umuyaga bwiyongereyeho 66% ugereranije n’umwaka ushize. Ubushinwa bushya bwashyizwemo ingufu z'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba muri uwo mwaka bwari buhwanye n'ubushobozi bw'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ku mwaka ushize. Ongeraho ubushobozi bushya bwashyizweho. Byongeye kandi, ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu mu kongera ubushobozi mu Burayi, Amerika na Burezili nazo zigeze ku rwego rwo hejuru mu 2023.

(IEA, Kongera ingufu z'amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa, ikibazo nyamukuru, 2005-2028, IEA, Paris nyamukuru-urubanza-2005-2028, IEA Uruhushya: CC BY 4.0)

Ibyiringiro

Raporo ivuga ko ubushobozi bw’ingufu zishobora gushyirwaho ku isi buzatangiza igihe cyihuta mu myaka itanu iri imbere. Muri politiki iriho hamwe n’imiterere y’isoko, biteganijwe ko ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu z’amashanyarazi ku isi ziteganijwe kugera kuri 7.300 GW hagati ya 2023 na 2028. Mu ntangiriro za 2025, ingufu zishobora kuba isoko y’amashanyarazi ku isi.

Ikibazo

Umuyobozi w'ikigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe ingufu, Fatih Birol, yavuze ko nubwo isi igenda igana ku ntego yashyizweho n’inama ya 28 y’amashyaka (COP28) y’amasezerano y’umuryango w’abibumbye y’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, ni ukuvuga mu 2030, isi ishobora kuvugururwa ku isi; ingufu Ubushobozi bw'ingufu zashyizweho bwikubye inshuro eshatu, ariko muri politiki iriho hamwe n’imiterere y’isoko, umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere bw’ingufu zishobora kuba zidahagije kugira ngo ugere kuri iyi ntego.
Birol yavuze ko umuyaga ku nkombe n’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba kuri ubu bifite inyungu nyinshi ugereranije no kubyara ingufu za fosile mu bihugu byinshi ku isi. Ikibazo gikomeye mu kugera ku ntego zavuzwe haruguru ni uburyo bwo kwagura byihuse ingufu zishobora kubaho mu bihugu byinshi bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere kandi bitera imbere. gutera inkunga no kohereza.
Raporo kandi isuzuma ibyerekezo by’iterambere ry’ingufu za hydrogène y’icyatsi kandi ikagaragaza ko nubwo imishinga myinshi y’ingufu za hydrogène y’icyatsi yatangijwe mu myaka 10 ishize, bitewe n’impamvu zigenda zitera imbere mu ishoramari ndetse n’ibiciro by’umusaruro mwinshi, biteganijwe ko 7% gusa yubushobozi buteganijwe kubyara umusaruro uzaboneka mubyukuri 2030. shyirwa mubikorwa.

Ruiqifeng itanga ibikoresho byubushyuhe,aluminium izuba, hamwe no gushiraho sisitemu yingufu zizuba, tuzakomeza kwita kubikorwa byingufu zizuba. Umva ko ufite umudendezotwandikireniba ufite ikibazo.